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Are there different types of autism?

Autism spectrum disorder is highly diverse and no two people with this disorder are the same. There are three general types of autism spectrum disorder, based on the severity of symptoms and behavioral problems: the mildest form is Asperger's syndrome and the most severe form is autistic disorder. Falling in-between these extremes is pervasive developmental disorder - not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS), in which symptom severity is greater than Asperger's syndrome, but less severe than autistic disorder.

FAQ Frequently asked questions

What is autism spectrum disorder?

Autism spectrum disorder is a lifelong developmental condition that affects the way someone communicates and how they interact with their environment. It is a highly diverse disorder and no two people with this condition are the same.

What are the symptoms of autism spectrum disorder?

Autism spectrum disorder can be associated with a wide range of symptoms of differing severity. People with a milder form of autism spectrum disorder (called Asperger's syndrome), may: Have an obsessive interest in a single object or …

What causes autism spectrum disorder?

The cause of autism spectrum disorder is not yet known but it is currently understood that changes during brain development, in combination with environmental and genetic factors, may be the cause. Having one child with autism spectrum disorder means …

Who gets autism spectrum disorder?

Autism may run in families, and boys are more likely to develop autism than girls. Having another condition such as Fragile X syndrome, Tourette syndrome or Rett syndrome increases the risk of autism.

How is autism spectrum disorder diagnosed?

Autism is diagnosed by either a psychiatrist, psychologist, pediatrician, speech pathologist or a combination of such specialists. Diagnosis is made based on clinical assessment. A child may be assessed according to their ability to speak, …

How is autism spectrum disorder treated?

A wide range of therapies may be used to treat someone with autism spectrum disorder. The exact treatment used may vary depending on: The age of the person with the condition; The range and severity of their symptoms and behavioral problems; The …

Can autism spectrum disorder be cured?

Although there is currently no cure for autism spectrum disorder, it can be very effectively managed and treated.

Can autism spectrum disorder be prevented?

Because the cause of autism spectrum disorder is currently unknown, there is no means for its prevention.

How common is autism?

Due to changes in the diagnostic criteria and increased public and professional awareness, there has been an increase in the apparent prevalence of autism spectrum disorder. It is estimated that up to one in 100 people are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder.

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About this article

Author: Dr Idan Ben-Barak PhD, MSc, BSc (Med)
First answered: 07 Oct 2014
Last reviewed: 19 May 2018
Rating: 4.3 out of 5
Votes: 470 (Click smiley face below to rate)
Category: Fetal alcohol syndrome

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