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What are the causes of diarrhea?

Most diarrhea episodes tend to pass within a few days, and their cause may never be known. With infectious agents such as bacteria or viruses, the invading germs cause the lining of the intestines to become inflamed. There are several conditions that may increase your risk of chronic diarrhea (that starts slowly and lasts more than 14 days) such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, coeliac disease, pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis and irritable bowel syndrome. Hormonal conditions such as an overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) and diabetes, and various medications including some antibiotics, antacids, anti-HIV and anti-cancer drugs are also known to cause chronic diarrhea.

FAQ Frequently asked questions

What is diarrhea?

Diarrhea is a very common digestive complaint that will affect most people at some time in their lives. It can involve frequent, urgent, loose, watery bowel movements, often with cramp-like pain and bloating of the abdomen (tummy).

How is diarrhea treated?

The treatment of diarrhea depends on its cause. In some cases, little is needed apart from rehydration, anti-motility and anti-vomiting medications to relieve symptoms. In other cases, antibiotics, or anti-parasite medications are required.

What should I eat or drink if I have diarrhea?

Plain and basic foods, that are well cooked, that are low in dietary fiber are recommended. The 'BRATT' diet, which stands for bananas, rice, apple sauce, tea and toast is a useful diet to follow. Remember to drink plenty of clear fluids such …

Is it normal to have diarrhea every day?

Regular diarrhea is not normal unless you have a diagnosed bowel condition, food intolerance, hormonal problems or other medical conditions or are taking certain medications. A constant diarrhea requires medical attention. If you experience severe …

Why is my diarrhea black?

Gastrointestinal bleeds and medication can cause your diarrhea to appear black, which is called melena. Melena tends to be tar-like in texture and foul-smelling. Certain medications and iron supplements can also cause black stools. It is best to see your doctor …

How can I avoid getting diarrhea when travelling?

The best way to prevent diarrhea while travelling is to be careful about the types of foods and drinks you consume. The general rule for eating during travelling is 'boil it, cook it, peel it or forget it' may be useful. Try to eat …

Is it normal to get diarrhea when pregnant?

No, diarrhea it is not a normal effect of pregnancy. If diarrhea occurs occasionally, and is not long lasting, this is not considered to be serious. But in cases of persistent diarrhea, or if you develop other symptoms such as fever or blood and …

Can antibiotics cause diarrhea?

Many antibiotics can cause diarrhea as a side effect. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are associated with Clostridium difficile, a type of bacteria that infects your intestines when antibiotics have removed your normal gut bacteria. Diarrhea caused by these …

Is diarrhea that is caused by infections contagious?

Diarrhea caused by bacterial, viral or parasitic infections may be very contagious. The best way to prevent the spread of infectious diarrhea is by practicing thorough hand hygiene.

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About this article

Author: Karen McCloskey BHSc
First answered: 17 Sep 2014
Last reviewed: 19 May 2018
Rating: 4.2 out of 5
Votes: 644 (Click smiley face below to rate)
Category: Traveler's diarrhea

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