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What is multiple sclerosis?

Multiple sclerosis is a condition in which the outer layer of nerves in the brain and spinal cord become damaged. Damage to this outer layer means that signals move less effectively between neurons. The damage causes scars, called plaques or lesions, that can occur in different parts of the brain and spinal cord.

FAQ Frequently asked questions

What are the symptoms of multiple sclerosis?

The symptoms of multiple sclerosis vary, as they are related to damage in the brain and spinal cord, so they will depend on which specific areas have been damaged. Some of the more typical symptoms may include visual disturbances, problems with …

What causes multiple sclerosis?

The exact cause of multiple sclerosis is yet to be clearly understood.

Who gets multiple sclerosis?

Women are more likely to develop multiple sclerosis than men. People in countries that receive lower levels of sunshine have higher rates of multiple sclerosis. It is most commonly diagnosed in people between 20 and 40 years of age.

How is multiple sclerosis diagnosed?

There is no single diagnostic test used for multiple sclerosis. Instead, diagnosis is based on lesions (scarring) found in the brain or spinal cord by MRI scans and assessment of neurological signs and symptoms.

How is multiple sclerosis treated?

The treatment of multiple sclerosis may vary, depending on the type of multiple sclerosis and the severity of symptoms. A range of medications may be prescribed to treat the symptoms and slow disease progression.

Can multiple sclerosis be cured?

There is no cure for multiple sclerosis, but it is not a fatal condition. People with multiple sclerosis essentially have a life expectancy similar to people in the general population.

Can multiple sclerosis be prevented?

There is no known way to prevent multiple sclerosis.

Are there different types of multiple sclerosis?

There are four types of multiple sclerosis, which are associated with different rates of disease progress and frequency of symptoms. These types are: 1) Relapsing-Remitting MS (RRMS). 2) Secondary-Progressive MS (SPMS). 3) …

How common is multiple sclerosis?

Multiple sclerosis is the most common condition that affects the central nervous system in young adults.

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About this article

Author: Dr Idan Ben-Barak PhD, MSc, BSc (Med)
First answered: 07 Nov 2014
Last reviewed: 19 May 2018
Rating: 4.1 out of 5
Votes: 38 (Click smiley face below to rate)
Category: Stroke

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